LEACH protocol based design for effective energy utilization in wireless sensor networks

With the rapid expanding world population and negative impact of climate change and other unpredictable circumstances on agricultural sustainability and the ability of farmers to produce enough to feed the world population projected to hit the 9 billion mark by 2050. Meeting this challenge requires farmers to have a better monitoring and early detection system that enable them to have access to all the information about their farm on line real time. In recent years wireless sensor network WSN and cloud technology have been gaining increasing relevance in agriculture this is because they offer a vital tool for improved decision making in the areas of data and information collection, storage, analyses and dissemination. These technologies offers farmers tools for effective decision and timely application of control measure, they are also vital tools for understanding the changes brought on agriculture by climate change, decreasing arable land, and also provide solution for them to counter the negative impacts of these phenomenon. The proposed model consists of wireless sensor network which collect data from agricultural plants located at remote location and upload it to the cloud for further analysis. The main objective of proposed design is to apply the LEACH protocol for identifying the energy consumption of each node and also to identify the shortest path to reach the destination, further comparative study with other protocols also done. The simulation of the proposed protocol for data collection in an Agriculture environment is done using NS2 simulator.