Spectrum policy in Canada

Canadian spectrum policy is caught in a constant struggle between asserting national independence, while recognizing the profound economic, political, and technological ties to its southern neighbour, the United States. Canada is a vast country, the world’s second largest, but the overwhelming majority of the population live close to its border with the United States. In 2014, cellular networks only needed to cover approximately 20 percent of Canada’s geographic land mass in order to reach 99 percent of the Canadian population [1].