Joint Modulo Scheduling and $V_{\mathrm{ dd}}$ Assignment for Loop Mapping on Dual- $V_{\mathrm{ dd}}$ CGRAs

Coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture (CGRA) is becoming an increasingly attractive platform because of its high performance and power (or energy) efficiency. To reduce energy consumption, the dual-V
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technique has been employed in CGRAs, and the modulo scheduling technique is widely used to improve performance of applications. To achieve both high performance and energy-efficiency simultaneously, this paper formulates the solution as a biobjective optimization problem of energy consumption and initiation interval of loop pipelines on CGRAs, and proposes a joint modulo scheduling and dual-V
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assignment approach. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can bring a significant energy reduction of 24.8% and kernel energy efficiency acceleration of 1.41× on average, while the performance is maintained.