Three-dimensional analysis of a Cherenkov laser via particle simulation

For a three-dimensional (3-D) Cherenkov laser composed of a dielectric-loaded rectangular waveguide and a finite-width planar relativistic electron beam, the nonlinear characteristics and efficiency enhancement are investigated with the aid of particle simulation, allowing for the nonlinear properties of the electron beam. The numerical results obtained in the paper are compared with those obtained in the two-dimensional (2-D) analysis. The efficiency enhancement scheme, which was previously proposed for the 2-D case, is found to be effective also for the 3-D case.