Sensitivity Modeling of an RFID-Based Strain-Sensing Antenna With Dielectric Constant Change

An radiofrequency identification (RFID)-based folded patch antenna has been developed as a novel passive wireless sensor to measure surface strain and crack, for the structural health monitoring of metallic structures. Up to 2.5 m of read range is achieved by a proof-of-concept prototype patch antenna sensor with a strain sensitivity around -760 Hz/με, which is equivalent to a normalized strain sensitivity of -0.74 ppm/με. In this paper, we propose to consider the change of the substrate dielectric constant due to strain when modeling the antenna sensor. An enhanced strain sensitivity model is introduced for more accurately estimating the strain sensing performance of the hereby introduced smart skin antenna sensor. Laboratory experiments are carried out to quantify the dielectric constant change under strain. The measurement results are incorporated into a mechanics-electromagnetics coupled simulation model. Accuracy of the multi-physics coupled simulation is improved by integrating dielectric constant change in the model.