Scenario Based Performance Analysis of AODV and GPSR Routing Protocols in a VANET

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is formed by a number of moving vehicles that are equipped with wireless interfaces. It is a kind of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) in which communication takes place between moving vehicles on the road. VANETs are heterogeneous in nature as they provide wireless communication among moving vehicles (V2V) and vehicle to Road Side Units (RSU). It has become an exciting area of research as it is anticipated to improve Intelligent Transport System (ITS). To exploit effective communication among vehicles, routing is the key factor which needs to be investigated. This paper intends to analyze the performance of AODV and GPSR routing protocols in a VANET in various scenarios under different traffic conditions with respect to Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and average End-to-End Delay (E2ED). Simulation is performed using NS-2.35 in combination with Vanet MobiSim. It has been found that AODV performs better with respect to PDR and GPSR outperforms AODV with respect to E2ED. Also, the performance of both the routing protocols varies from one scenario to another and traffic types. The performance of both AODV and GPSR is improved by using IEEE 802.11p instead of IEEE 802.11.