Accommodating High Levels of Renewable Generation in Remote Microgrids under Uncertainty

Reliably integrating high levels of renewable energy (RE) resources requires a high degree of flexibility in power system operations. The operation of energy storage systems (ESS) and demand response (DR) can be coordinated into a micro grid to increase its flexibility. The paper investigates the potential for accommodating high levels of renewable generation in remote micro grids in the presence of uncertainty. A set of valid probabilistic scenarios for the uncertainties of load, and intermittency in solar and wind generation sources is considered. A multi-scenario stochastic optimization model and reserve requirements are combined for handling uncertainty in this operational problem. The developed mathematical model is validated using four case studies with different levels of high renewable generation. Numerical studies indicate that the coordinated operation of ESS and DR ensures reliable operation of a remote micro grid when RE resources are integrated at high levels, without increasing the expected operating costs or RE curtailment levels.