Distributed geolocalisation based on nearest neighbor heuristic, in wireless sensor networks

Localization in wireless sensor networks, whose nodes are deployed randomly, is to determine relative or absolute coordinates of nodes. The use of localization mechanisms is essential for both the communication protocols (geographic routing), and for some applications (vehicle tracking, critical event detection). In this paper, we proposed a location protocol called RSSI-LCN (Received Signal Strength Indicator with Location based on Closest Neighbor), which combine two concepts, the first is the RSSI mechanism for calculating distance, based on the property of proportionality of transmitted signal attenuation compared to the distance, the second concept is the traverse network method, based on heuristic of nearest neighbor. The simulation results and analysis show that our protocol minimize the energy consumption through the completion of the localization algorithm before the traversing all the network. The advantage of the RSSI-LCN protocol is that it is very economical in power consumption, and is suitable for dense sensor networks.