Plasmonic and surface wave propagation in boundary layers in the microwave, THz, and optical regimes

We investigate transverse electromagnetic (TM) wave propagation on the surface of dielectric-metal, air-dielectric-metal and air-ice-ocean boundaries. The analysis is carried out by means of the canonical problem of a magnetic line source on a planar boundary between two mediums. This formulation at THz and optical frequencies reveals the existence of an initial space wave decaying as x
^-1/2
, a plasmon surface wave, and at large distances x from the source a x
^-3/2
behavior commonly associated with a lateral wave. We address the controversy concerning the existence of Zenneck waves and confirm the analysis of Collin. We also address the controversy concerning the purported existence of trapped surface waves in sea ice at microwave frequencies.