Germanium diode modeling for sound effect circuit design

This paper describes a germanium diode model for sound effect circuit design. The parameters of the diode model have been investigated by comparing with experimental data. In lower voltage regions, the parameters of the SPICE library have been compared with experimental current voltage characteristics. A diode model with accurate parameters has been proposed. The diode model has been implemented into a circuit simulator. Output waveforms of a distortion circuit have been investigated by comparing with experimental data. It is found that the modeling of the diode in low voltage region is essential in simulating for the distortion circuits.