A distributed localization scheme based on mobility prediction for underwater wireless sensor networks

A distributed localization scheme based on mobility prediction for mobile underwater wireless sensor networks is proposed. Anchor nodes perform self-localization and mobility prediction, and serve as reference nodes to localize ordinary nodes. According to the group movement properties of underwater objects, ordinary nodes perform self-localization by utilizing the neighboring nodes' locations and their predicted speed vectors. Well-localized ordinary nodes serve as reference nodes to localize neighbors further. The modified covariance algorithm is employed to estimate the linear prediction parameters of the mobility pattern. A Node-Selection Strategy is proposed to select the most suitable reference nodes to localize an ordinary node. The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed scheme.