A risk assessment framework for the smart grid

The smart grid, generally referred to as the next generation power electric system, relies on robust information and communication technologies (ICTs) to provide efficient, secure, and reliable information delivery. The implementation of the smart grid includes the deployment of multiple new infrastructures with vulnerabilities that have not yet been identified. Therefore, the traditional focus on security, reliability, compliance, and human safety is a paramount concern. This paper first addresses critical issues of smart grid primarily in terms of ICTs and standards. A risk-based approach has been presented, which could be implemented to address the security aspects and health impact of the smart grid. The paper evaluates the security threats to the smart grid as well as the health risks of smart meters currently under implementation in the context of radio frequency (RF) radiation. Finally, a combined framework for risk management in major technological and health domains has been proposed. Such a framework calls for a coordinated assessment of cyber and power grid risks keeping the whole grid security and safety goals in mind.