Placement of PMUs for complete and incomplete observability using search technique

In this paper, a novel technique for the placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for complete and incomplete observability of a system using a search technique has been presented. It follows a graph theoretic approach. It is a two stage algorithm where first the network is reduced to eliminate radial zero injection buses, followed by the placement process. The algorithm proposed is a flexible one and can be used on systems both, with and without existing PMUs. The optimal placement set, out of the solution sets obtained, is selected depending on the geographical or communication based constraint on the nodes present in the system. The proposed technique has been tested using IEEE 14, 30 and 57 bus systems. The methodology has also been implemented on the Southern Grid (SR) of the Indian Power System.