Fractal shaped reflectarray element for wide angle scanning capabilities

The reduced-size feature of fractal shaped-patch is exploited in this work to design a miniaturized reflectarray unit cell offering wide-angle scanning capabilities. The proposed approach is applied to design a X-band 0.3λ×0.3λ fractal reflectarray cell giving a 320° phase agility and an improved maximum scan angle of 50°, when compared to a standard square patch working at the same frequency.