Long-term system operational impacts of wind generation penetration in Ontario power system

Expansion of wind generation capacity requires a close examination of the location and quality of wind resources and a detailed understanding of its operational impact on the transmission grid. In this paper, a transmission network model is developed for Ontario, with their planned enhancements for three specific years under study-2010, 2015 and 2025. The zonal supply mix of generation resources included are, nuclear, wind, hydro, gas- and coal-fired generation. An optimal power flow (OPF) model is developed considering future demand and generation scenarios, and used in a deterministic case study. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations are carried out considering the variability and uncertainty of wind generation. Both case studies examine the effect of different wind generation penetration levels on the Ontario electrical grid and analyze long-term wind generation impacts. The impact on operating reserves for different levels of wind penetration is also examined.