Incremental "model-build-test" validation exercise for a 1-D biomedical ultrasonic imaging array

Quantitative validation is critical to the effective utilization of large-scale modeling in advanced biomedical ultrasonic imaging applications. This work describes an incremental "model-build-test" validation exercise centered around a nonproprietary, 5 MHz, 1D linear array design. The step-by-step sequence reported here includes piezoceramic slivers, slivers with matching and slivers with both backing and matching. Furthermore, prior to the fabrication process, all the active and passive material components are accurately characterized. PZFlex, an explicit time-domain finite element modeling package, is used to predict the performance of the incremental array components at each stage of the validation exercise. Deviations between experimental results and finite element predictions are identified and subsequently analyzed. Although the manufacturing techniques used do not push the current operational envelope, observed process effects should be relevant to today's devices.