Hybrid modelling of inhomogeneous transformer winding for very fast transient overvoltage studies

This paper presents a novel approach for the modelling of transformer windings, which is valid in the frequency range of 10 kHz to a few MHz. It is a hybrid model; coil-by-coil detailed plus inter-coil black box model. The parameter estimation of the detailed model and the synthesis of the black box model is based on frequency domain measurements. The technique is applied to a high-voltage transformer winding. The comparison of the measurements and the frequency domain simulation of the model with EMTP confirms the validity and accuracy of the model for the intended frequency range. Experiments in the frequency range of several MHz reveal that remarkable overvoltages appear at the connecting point of the inverted and interleaved part of this winding. It is shown that the reason of the VFTO (very fast transient overvoltage) in the MHz range is the inhomogeneity of the winding parts.