Minimizing energy expenditure in smart devices

The growing popularity of smartphones and tablets has highlighted several research issues. In this paper we focus on minimizing energy expenditure of Android devices. The energy dissipated by exotic hardware is explained in detail. The software development practices that result in high power consumption are also described. An application "Power Monitor" is developed to understand the usage pattern of smart devices. We have presented three usage patterns and have shown that how higher power consumption can be estimated from such patterns. This discussion sets the platform for power efficient application development. The paper then provides adequate road map to create such applications having reduced impact on battery life. Several guidelines for the end users are also provided to prolong the battery life. Finally the paper concludes with some future research directions on minimizing energy expenditure in Android devices.