Design of Goldschmidt Dividers with Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata

A Goldschmidt divider implemented with semiconductor quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is described. Most Goldschmidt dividers use a state machine for control, but state machines are difficult to implement in QCAs due to the long delays between the state machines and the computational circuits to be controlled. To resolve this problem, a data tag method is used. The data tags travel with the data and local tag decoders generate control signals. Since each datum has a tag, pipelining can be employed to increase the throughput. Using the new architecture, fixed-point Goldschmidt dividers are implemented with QCA technology.