Energy efficient routing protocols for WSN's

Wireless sensor networks (WSN's) rely on various resource constrained nodes with limited energy, range, memory and computational power it is necessary to conserve battery energy so as to extend the life time of the given WSN deployment. In any WSN application measured data is gathered at regular intervals and the same is sent to the Base station (BS) by using neighbouring nodes. By forming clusters of nodes in the WSN, the measured data from the nodes can be aggregated and the aggregated value can be sent towards the BS instead of sending every measurement value and thereby reducing energy consumed by the nodes [5]. By adopting hierarchical routing protocols, it is possible to reduce energy consumption considerably. The basic LEACH based data aggregation approach is extended further for improved energy efficiency. This work deal with two different second-level hierarchical protocols, namely, Two-level LEACH(TL-LEACH) and Directed Diffusion LEACH (DD-LEACH) and a comparison of the same.