Effect of Fluid Viscosity on Dynamics of Self-Assembly at Air–Water–Solid Interface

This paper details the effect of fluid viscosity on previously presented self-assembly at an air-water-solid interface through experimental and analytical approaches. The assembly method is subdivided into three process steps (approach, rotation, and pull-up), and their viscosity dependence is investigated. The motion of a moving part is described using a derived modeling equation. The assembly proceeds row-by-row as an assembly substrate is pulled up through an air-water-solid interface. High yields at different viscosities are demonstrated using thin square parts (2000 × 2000 × 100 μm
³
). Near 100% yield can be achieved by adding visual feedback control for the application of Faraday waves. The combined effect of the application time and the fluid viscosity is analyzed.