Bias analyses of spontaneous facial expression database

In this paper, cross-corpora evaluations are used to analyze the bias of spontaneous facial expression databases. Local binary pattern, Gabor, eigenface and fisherface features are extracted and applied to the four spontaneous expression databases: USTC-NVIE, VAM, Belfast Naturalistic and SEMAINE to recognize arousal (high/low) and valance (positive/negative) respectively. Experimental results indicate that there exists bias among different spontaneous expression databases. The emotion-induction methods, the variety of subjects and the quantity of raters may have caused such a bias.