Hybrid localization techniques in multilayer heterogeneous network under low hearability

In wireless communication, heterogeneous network is a group of networks that can be utilized to provide particular services. Mobile positioning is one of the most important services that can be offered by heterogeneous networks. Location of the mobile user can be determined by using Location Determination Techniques (LDT) with the availability of the cellular system in the network. However, the accuracy of the localization estimation is subjected to the types of LDT used such as Time-of-Arrival (TOA), Enhanced Observed-Time-Difference (E-OTD), Time Difference-of-Arrival (TDOA), and signal hearability. This research analyzes appropriate LDT and proposing a hybrid algorithm for multilayer heterogeneous network under low hearability condition. In this research, simulations have been done to identify the low hearability condition in single layer cellular network system and multilayer cellular network system. In single layer cellular network system, the simulation is also used to evaluate and compare various LDT techniques under different mobility models. While in multilayer cellular network system, the simulation has been implemented to evaluate the proposed hybrid algorithm and compare it with time-based LDT techniques considering the accuracy of location estimation measurements. The simulations have shown that the location estimation error for hybrid technique is better as compare to TDOA and E-OTD at 67% and 95% of the cumulative density functions (CDF).