Demonstration of Radiation Pulse-Shaping Capabilities Using Nested Conical Wire-Array $Z$-Pinches

We present data from experiments using nested wire-array
$Z$
-pinches where the wires of one of the arrays (the outer or inner array) are inclined to produce a cone. The use of these nested conical arrays can potentially provide a valuable tool in X-ray radiation pulse shaping for
$Z$
-pinch-driven high-yield inertial-confinement-fusion schemes. Conical nested arrays can produce a zippered implosion which broadens the main radiation pulse and, possibly, the pulse associated with the interaction of the two arrays. Results from experiments at current levels of 1 MA (240 ns) and 18 MA (100 ns) are presented and compared. Experiments at 1 MA with a conical outer array indicate broadening of the full-width at half-maximum of the main stagnation radiation pulse, with results at 20 MA showing a similar result. Conical inner arrays do not broaden the main radiation pulse because a longer inner array ablation time offsets the earlier interaction time of the outer array with the inner array. Although array dynamics data suggest that a conical inner or outer array can potentially provide control of the interaction radiation pulse, this was not observed. Observations are consistent with a wire-array trajectory model incorporating outer and inner array ablation, snowplow physics, and a simplified array interaction model.