Wideband Modeling of Conductor Loss in General Large-Scale Problems

Wideband modeling of conductor loss is of critical importance in millimeter-wave applications. This letter presents a conformal three-dimensional (3-D) surface impedance model based on fully automated mesh generation suitable for large-scale problems with arbitrary problem geometry. The method is described in the context of a parallelized time-domain finite-difference algorithm. The approach is validated using rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical cavity resonators against analytical reference data. The wideband performance of the method is validated at 1-MHz to 1-THz frequency band.