Invariant control of non-linear elements in a stacked High Redundancy Actuator

The High Redundancy Actuator (HRA) concept aims to provide a single actuator comprising many cooperating actuation elements. The potential benefits of this include improved overall reliability, availability, and reduced need for oversizing of actuators in safety critical applications. This paper deals with the question of distributing the load evenly between a stack of elements despite non-linear characteristics.