Hierarchical location update and routing scheme for mobile computing environment

We present a new hierarchical location update and routing scheme for wide area mobile computing environment with scalability of network hierarchy. Our scheme provides nearly optimal routing for most communication bypassing the mobile host's home network and home agent. We achieve fewer location updates by limiting them to a designated set of redirection agents at the border of patron areas. We use simulation to compare our scheme with other schemes in both non-hierarchical and hierarchical network architectures.