A simple IP fast reroute scheme for full coverage

A major concern in IP networks is to ensure that any topology changes, whether planned or unplanned, do not disrupt network performance. IP Fast Reroute (IP FRR) is a general approach to address this issue, by promptly forwarding an IP packet to a predetermined alternate next hop as soon as the primary next hop to the destination becomes unavailable. Among the numerous IP FRR schemes proposed to date, the simplest ones do not guarantee protection against every component failure, while more sophisticated ones tend to be difficult to implement due to various inherent complexities, such as nontrivial modifications of IP packets or high resource requirements.