A 10-bit 1-GHz 33-mW CMOS ADC

A pipelined ADC digitally calibrates capacitor mismatches in its 4-bit first stage and the gain error in the first 5 stages. Using a one-stage op amp with a gain of 10 and realized in 65-nm CMOS technology, the ADC digitizes a 490-MHz input with an SNDR of 52.4 dB, achieving an FOM of 0.097pJ/conversion-step.