Robust sensor bias estimation for ill-conditioned scenarios

Sensor bias estimation is an inherent problem in multi-sensor data fusion systems. Classical methods such as the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method can have numerical problems with ill-conditioned sets which are common in practical applications. This paper describes an azimuth-GLS method that provides a solution to the ill-conditioning problem while maintaining reasonable accuracy compared with the classical GLS method. The mean square error is given for both methods as a criterion to determine when to use this azimuth-GLS method. Furthermore, the separation boundary between the azimuth-GLS favorable region and that of the GLS method is explicitly plotted. Extensive simulations show that the azimuth-GLS approach is preferable in most scenarios.