Power spectral density of the signal received in a 3-D mobile radio environment

The power spectral density (PSD) of the signal received in a mobile radio environment is tightly related to the distribution of the arriving angles of the waves. One of the most widely accepted model, Clarke's (1961) scattering model, is a two dimensional model because of the assumption of horizontal travel of plane waves. By introducing a non-zero elevation angle (EA) of the arriving wave, the three dimensional (3-D) model is more general and suitable, especially for urban environments. A family of functions with two positive integer parameters, {m, n}, for both symmetrical and asymmetrical probability density function (PDF) of the EA, is proposed. Among these functions, those with odd m and n lead to analytical solutions for the PSD of the received signal. A new expression which directly relates the PDF of the EA to the PSD of the received signal is also presented.