2D-to-3D image registration — An application in radiation therapy

3D imaging modalities are most useful and common in medical treatment. In certain cases, however, the information from 2D imaging is indispensable. Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), the primary image and gold standard for arteriorvenous malformations (AVMs), is such a 2D imaging modality. Still, the information in this 2D image has to be transferred to 3D in order to be useful in the stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). This paper escribes a new approach by which the DSA's 2D image is registered to a 3D CT image for flameless stereotactic SRS.