The integrated safety/security system of the Gran Sasso mountain in Italy

A high safety and security level of a complex system is very difficult to be reached, guaranteed and managed if the system is characterized by a peculiar complexity and physical extension, due to the elevate number of parameters to be checked and controlled. The use of human resources needs an elevate number of personnel members that could not only be unable to reach the desired goal but could also be exposed to severe risks in the presence of dangerous and emergency situations. For this reason it is necessary to use integrated supervision and control systems that are capable of manage the elevate number of parameters involved, reducing the number of personnel members and increasing their functionalities and operability. In this paper the integrated safety/security system of the Gran Sasso mountain (Italy), characterized by a high and unique complexity from the international point of view, is illustrated.