The predictive FHCoP-B scheme for fast and seamless handoff in the nested mobile network

In the past, by adopting the handoff prediction concept of the fast mobile IPv6, we have proposed a cross-layer architecture, which was called the predictive fast HCoP-B (FHCoP-B), to trigger layer three HCoP-B route optimization flow by 802.11 and 802.16 link events before the actual Layer 2 handoff occurs. In this way, FHCoP-B has shortened both the handoff latency and packet losses. Here, we further adopt the analytical model proposed in [10] to investigate handoff latencies and total buffer sizes of FHCoP-B and three well-known NEMO schemes with the radio link protocol (RLP) [11] which can detect packet losses and performs retransmissions over the error-prone wireless link. Consequently, FHCoP-B outperforms the other three schemes by achieving shortest handoff latencies and the smallest numbers of packet losses during handoff with little extra buffers even over error-prone wireless links.