Electromagnetic and circuit modeling of the pin gap effect in coaxial connectors up to 110 GHz

The paper describes the results of electromagnetic simulations of the pin-gap effect in six types of coaxial connectors. Two full wave electromagnetic simulators have been used HFSS and QuickWave. The results of simulations and as well as computed field distributions inside structures give deeper insight into the behaviour of coaxial connector junctions. The performance of simulators is also discussed. On the base of E-M simulations circuit models of the male-female connector junctions have been developed. The models are related to mechanical parameters of the connectors. They can be applied to improve the calibration procedures.