Per-blade equivalent wind speed function for high-order drive-train modeling

This paper proposes a per-blade deterministic equivalent wind speed concept to excite higher than 3
^rd
order drive train models. Wind shear and tower shadow effects are suitably added. In the comprehensive model, which includes turbine and site-specific parameters, several features are added i.e., height constraint is removed; the per-blade concept is applied; a higher order approach for wind shear is tried; the m factor relating spatial - mean wind speeds is reviewed and qualified. From the simulation results, it is made known that the wind, as seen at the hub height, is a conservative value when blade dynamic features are to be individually taken in the wind turbine high-order drive-train modeling. This development is suitable for time domain simulations of a wind turbine, particularly in real-time applications.