Integrated modules for optimized operation of distribution grids

The automation of power networks with all means that are available today - better known as "Smart Grid Approach" - has been the topic of many research activities for almost one decade. However, the degree of distribution system automation is rather low in today's networks. The authors believe that many modules, which are designed to solve the detailed problems of each focus area, need to be embedded into one holist but even more general concept. Based on this general hierarchical approach this paper focuses on different modules that can be used at different stages of the distribution grid.