An Empirical Path Loss Model and Fading Analysis for High-Speed Railway Viaduct Scenarios

Based on the narrowband 930-MHz measurements taken along the “Zhengzhou-Xi'an” high-speed railway in China, an empirical path loss model is proposed. It is applicable to high-speed railway viaduct scenarios, considering the influences of viaduct height
H
and base station antenna relative height
h
, which are not well-covered by existing large-scale models. The path loss exponents are investigated, based on which the influence of viaduct on propagation is discussed. The fading depth up to 15.96 dB and the Ricean
K
-factor with mean value of 3.79 dB are obtained.