A CMOS fully differential W-band passive imager with <2 K NETD

This paper presents a fully differential W-band passive imager that integrates LNA, Dicke switch, detector and filter, with minimum NEPs of 21 fW/√Hz / 24 fW/√Hz for without/with switch cases and a peak responsivity of >;1.8 MV/W. To authors' knowledge, this represents the largest responsivity to date from a CMOS radiometer chip. It achieves NETD = 1.94 K with 30ms integration time. The chip occupies 0.49 mm
²
active area with 57 mW power consumption.