Sphincteric fatigue strategy for bladder control: preliminary chronic results in an animal model

Simultaneous sphincteric fatigue via pudendal nerves and sacral roots stimulation to induce bladder emptying have been reviewed in chronic paraplegic dogs experiments. Implantable urinary microstimulator and cylindrical cuff stainless steel electrodes have been used to perform chronic tests. Preliminary results show appropriate voiding in most animals. Estimation of average volume residue is 12.43%. Leg and tail animal flexion have been observed.