Frequency dependence of the UWB indoor channel and the effects of the antenna directivity on path loss and multipath propagation

Aim of this contribution is to investigate the main channel parameters considering their frequency dependence and the effects of antenna directivity. The analysis relies on a hybrid Electromagnetic (EM) Ray-tracing Ultra Wideband (UWB) simulation technique, where the transfer functions of the antennas are determined using EM simulation tool and embedded in the ray-tracing tool in order to derive a deterministic description of the UWB wireless channel. The UWB channel is simulated from 1 - 11 GHz for an indoor environment using typical UWB omni-directional antennas and directional ones. A mathematical framework for the characterization of the main channel parameters, such as the environment dependent path loss exponent, the delay spread and the effects of the antennas characteristics and orientations will be discussed. Furthermore, the impact of different bandwidth and central frequencies on path loss exponent and multipath propagation would be also investigated.