Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) array antenna covered with dielectric resonator superstrates for high gain and high directive antenna

A high gain and high directive microstrip patch antenna formed from Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) ceramics and covered with dielectric substrate has been investigated. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio is used for the simulation. We measured the gain and directivity of antennas with and without a superstrate and found that the gain of a single BST array antenna with a superstrate was enhanced by about 2 dBi of directivity and 3 dB of gain over the one without a superstrate at 2.3 GHz. The impedance bandwidths of a single patch with and without a superstrate for VSWR < 2 were in the Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) application range which is 2.3 GHz to 2.5 GHz. Compared with the BST elements array antenna with the same aperture size but without the dielectric superstrate, the performance of the antenna is improved obviously and the design is suitable for array applications for example base station.