Enhancement-Mode InAlN/AlN/GaN HEMTs With $ \hbox{10}^{-12}\ \hbox{A/mm}$ Leakage Current and $ \hbox{10}^{12}$ on/off Current Ratio

Postprocessing annealing in forming gas at 400 °C was performed on enhancement-mode lattice-matched InAlN/AlN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors fabricated by selective etch of InAIN under a Pt gate. After postprocessing annealing, the device reverse gate leakage current decreased from 10
^-7
to 10
^-12
A/mm at V
_gs
= -1 V and V
_ds
= 6 V, showing an ON/OFF current ratio of 10
¹²
that is the highest reported value for all GaN-based transistors. The gate diode breakdown voltage was observed to increase from ~9 to ~29 V; the transistor threshold voltage was also found to shift from 0.6 to 1.2 V. All these observations indicate that an electrically thinner and more insulating interlayer is most likely formed between the Pt gate and underlying channel after postprocessing annealing, which is ascribed to multiple possible mechanisms including increase in barrier height, reduction in interface states introduced during the gate recess process, formation of a thin oxide layer. etc.