Superconductivity and High Energy Physics—A Study in “Symbiosis”

Following the development of
${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$
and niobium based solution alloys in 1961 the field of High Energy Physics has witnessed a continual development of magnets and devices for the generation, beam handling and analysis of particle beams and their interactions. This paper will examine the technology development of these devices from the earliest bubble chambers through the development of theories of stability and on to the construction of superconductivity based particle accelerators and their associated detectors. The latest advances in superconducting radio frequency accelerating cavities will be considered within this R&D model. This development of technology was accomplished by universities, national laboratories and industry working in a most cooperative way.