Circuit model for studying temperature effects on vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser

A PSPICE model is created for studying the temperature effects on a VCSEL. With the model, this paper gives the results of P-I curves, junction temperature, and threshold current versus injected current. It is verified that the leakage current is the dominant source of threshold current, and that heating in the VCSEL due to high series resistance of the DBR mirrors is significant, the reduction of the series resistance is important to improve performance.