A continuum model of the retinal network and its response to electrical stimulation

A continuum network model of the retina is presented, consisting of an active implementation of the retinal ganglion cell tissue layer and passive implementation of deeper cell layers. The retinal ganglion cell layer receives excitatory presynaptic inputs from the bipolar layer and inhibitory presynaptic inputs from the amacrine layer. Simulations were performed to investigate the behavior of retinal tissue activation with epiretinal and suprachoroidal electrode stimulation. The results indicated the presence of both early and late onset action potentials consistent with experimental findings.