Power line S-parameter characterization using open-source tools

A simple method for performing characterization of live power lines is described that utilizes open source software and hardware and de-embedding of the line coupler response to derive S-parameters of an active power line channel. Examples of experimental results are shown that illustrate use of this technique in sensing various devices attached to the power line. This methodology should be straightforward to apply to PLC modems for the purpose of load or state sensing or improved data transmission performance.