Virtual teams-constrained by technology or culture?

This paper provides a preliminary view of a new era of organizational investigation into virtual organizations and their functional units, virtual teams. The question posed is whether a shift to virtual organization is constrained more by technology or by corporate culture. This preliminary analysis of existing literature is a catalyst for future empirical research in virtual organizations and teams, as defined in current literature and research projects. Discussion of key factors for success and known technical and cultural challenges provide some practical ideas for making virtual teams work. A preliminary conclusion on the basis of a literature review suggests that the social and corporate cultural barriers are more significant than technological barriers in promoting the growth of virtual teams. The paper concludes with some issues that may be faced and resolved over the next decade.