Atmospheric remote sensing using GNSS in the Australasian region: From temperate climates to the tropics

It is known that the zenith path delay (ZPD) is a valuable meteorological parameter. In this paper, ZPD values from Australian and Malaysian Global Positioning System (GPS) reference stations are derived and compared in order to show the climatic contrast between the two regions. Based on the analysis of the two data sets, a higher and shorter-term variability of the estimated ZPD is observed in Malaysia. The quality of the estimated ZPD is examined by benchmarking against International GNSS Service (IGS) troposphere products. The differences range from 4-12 mm RMS.