Issues in the synthesis of voltage-, current-, and voltage-current-mode circuits

The focus of this paper is on the synthesis of current- and voltage-current-mode circuits based on the synthesis of voltage-mode circuits. It is well-known that linear voltage-mode signal processing circuits can be synthesized by the application of dependent sources to a suitable, parent network. The positions of the poles and zeros can be independently controlled if the dependent sources introduced are dependent only on the output voltage or only on the input voltage, respectively. An exhaustive search has been performed on all configurations of current-mode and voltage-current-mode circuits that include all four types of dependent sources in order to discover corresponding techniques for the synthesis of these circuits. Several configurations have been found which lend themselves to the synthesis of signal processing circuits. An example of the application of these techniques is provided.